Kidding season is one of the most exciting times on a goat farm. At Merry Meadows, we love welcoming new kids into the world and watching our herd grow. However, it’s also a season that requires careful planning, attention to detail, and lots of love to ensure the safety and health of both moms and babies. Whether you’re preparing for your first kidding season or looking to refine your process, this guide walks you through everything you need to know about preparing for goat births and caring for newborn kids.
Goats typically have a gestation period of about 150 days. Once your does are bred, calculate their expected due dates and monitor them closely as they approach the five-month mark. Keeping track of these dates ensures you’re ready when the time comes.
Having a well-stocked kidding season kit on hand can make all the difference during delivery. Include essentials like clean towels, iodine for dipping umbilical cords, gloves, scissors, and a bulb syringe for clearing a kid’s airways. It’s also helpful to have a flashlight or headlamp if kidding occurs at night.
Create a designated kidding area that’s clean, dry, and well-bedded. This space should be protected from drafts and predators, ensuring the doe and her kids feel secure. Fresh straw or shavings provide a comfortable birthing area while minimizing the risk of infection.
In the weeks leading up to kidding, ensure your does are on a nutritious diet that supports their energy needs. Provide plenty of fresh water, high-quality hay, and access to minerals. Regular health checks are crucial, as any signs of illness or discomfort should be addressed promptly.
Recognizing the signs of labor in your doe is essential to ensuring a smooth and safe kidding process. These signs often start subtle but become more pronounced as the birth approaches. Keeping a close eye on your doe in the weeks and days leading up to her due date can help you anticipate when to step in and provide support.
One of the earliest indicators of impending labor is a swollen udder, often referred to as “bagging up.” This occurs as the doe’s body prepares to feed her newborns. Her udder may become noticeably larger, firmer, and warm to the touch. This is a good sign that her body is gearing up for delivery.
Behavioral changes, such as restlessness or frequent lying down and standing up, are also common as the doe starts to feel the early stages of labor. You may notice her pacing, shifting positions frequently, or appearing uncomfortable as she tries to find the right position for birthing.
A loss of appetite is another reliable sign, as many does stop eating in the hours leading up to labor. Even the most food-motivated goats may turn away from their favorite treats when they’re preparing to give birth.
Physical changes like discharge from the vulva can indicate that labor is close. The discharge may be clear or slightly cloudy, signaling that the birth canal is preparing for delivery. Keep an eye out for this as it often precedes more active labor.
Another common behavior is pawing at bedding or nesting. This instinctive behavior helps the doe create a comfortable and safe space for her kids. You might see her digging into the bedding, circling her chosen spot, and generally rearranging her surroundings to her liking.
As kidding becomes imminent, these behaviors intensify. The doe may start to vocalize more, using soft bleats or grunts to communicate her discomfort or seek reassurance. Visible contractions may also become evident, with her sides rippling as her body begins the birthing process. These signs are a clear indicator that you should be on standby, ready to assist if necessary.
By staying alert to these behaviors, you can ensure that your doe has the support she needs during labor, whether she manages independently or requires a helping hand.
Most goat births progress naturally and smoothly, but being ready to step in if complications arise is key to ensuring a safe delivery for both the doe and her kids. Maintaining a calm, observant, and prepared approach is essential during this critical time.
Your demeanor during labor can significantly impact the doe’s experience. Goats are highly intuitive animals and can easily sense stress or anxiety in their caretakers. If you remain calm and reassuring, your presence will help her feel secure and less stressed. Speak in a soft, soothing tone and move slowly around her, avoiding any sudden or loud actions that might increase her discomfort or fear.
When the doe begins active labor, the best course of action is often to watch and wait. Many goats instinctively know what to do and handle delivery on their own without any assistance. Pay close attention to her behavior and the progression of labor, noting the time between contractions and any signs that the kids are moving into position. Allowing her to manage the process naturally is usually the safest option unless there are clear signs of distress.
Step In If Necessary
While most deliveries are straightforward, there are instances where assistance is needed. Common signs that intervention may be required include prolonged labor with no progress, visible signs of a stuck kid (e.g., a single leg or the head appearing without the rest of the body following), or the doe showing signs of extreme exhaustion or distress.
If you need to assist:
• Wash your hands thoroughly or wear clean gloves to minimize the risk of infection.
• Assess the situation carefully before intervening. If the kid is positioned incorrectly (e.g., one leg back or breech), you may need to gently reposition it.
• Use gentle but firm movements to guide the kid out, always being mindful of the doe’s comfort and safety.
• If complications persist or you’re unsure how to proceed, don’t hesitate to consult a veterinarian for advice or assistance.
By staying calm, observant, and ready to help if needed, you can provide the support your doe requires for a successful kidding. Whether she delivers independently or with your assistance, being present and prepared ensures a safer and smoother experience for everyone involved.
After the excitement of kidding, the focus shifts to ensuring the health and well-being of the newborn kids. These first few hours of life are critical for setting the stage for their growth and vitality. By following these steps, you can give your kids the best start possible while helping them bond with their mom.
The first and most important task after birth is ensuring the kid can breathe properly. Newborn kids may have mucus or fluid in their nose and mouth that needs to be removed. Gently clear the airways using a clean towel or, if necessary, a bulb syringe to suction any remaining mucus. This step helps the kid take its first breaths and adjust to life outside the womb. A clear airway is essential to kickstart their respiratory system and keep them comfortable.
Newborns are highly vulnerable to cold, as their tiny bodies struggle to regulate temperature immediately after birth. Use soft, clean towels to dry them thoroughly, paying close attention to areas like their belly and legs where dampness can linger. If temperatures are low, consider using a heat lamp to provide warmth, but always follow safety precautions to prevent overheating or accidents. Alternatively, you can bring the kids indoors temporarily to warm them up, ensuring they remain cozy and stable during their first few hours.
Colostrum, the nutrient-rich first milk produced by the doe, is a newborn kid’s lifeline. Packed with essential antibodies, it boosts the immune system and provides critical energy. Ensure each kid begins nursing within the first two hours after birth, as this window is crucial for absorbing the benefits of colostrum. If a kid struggles to latch or the doe is hesitant, step in to guide them. In some cases, hand-milking the doe and bottle-feeding the kid may be necessary to ensure they get the nutrients they need.
The umbilical cord is an entry point for bacteria, so proper care is essential to prevent infections. Shortly after birth, dip the cord in iodine to disinfect and dry it out. This simple but important step helps promote healing and reduces the risk of complications. Monitor the cord over the next few days to ensure it dries completely and falls off without signs of infection.
By addressing these key aspects of care, you can set your newborn kids on the path to a healthy start. These initial efforts also help strengthen the bond between the kids and their mother, laying the groundwork for a thriving, happy herd.
Once the kidding process is complete, the focus shifts to ensuring the doe has a smooth recovery. Giving her the right care and attention after labor helps her regain strength and sets the stage for her to nurture her newborn kids effectively. Here’s how to care for the doe post-kidding:
Labor and delivery are physically demanding, and the doe will need a boost to replenish the energy she’s expended. Offering her fresh water is crucial, but warm water mixed with a small amount of molasses can be especially beneficial. The molasses provides an instant energy boost while also replacing lost electrolytes. Additionally, make sure she has access to high-quality hay and a small portion of grain, if part of her regular diet. Providing her with nutritious food soon after kidding helps stabilize her condition and supports milk production for her kids.
A doe’s recovery is usually straightforward, but it’s essential to keep a close eye on her for any signs of complications. One of the most critical concerns is retained placenta, which occurs when the placenta doesn’t pass within a few hours after birth. Signs of trouble include a foul odor, discharge, or the doe appearing lethargic. If you notice anything unusual, consult a veterinarian promptly. Other things to watch for include her appetite, milk production, and general behavior. A doe that seems alert, eats well, and tends to her kids is likely recovering as expected.
A clean environment is vital for preventing infection and ensuring the doe feels comfortable as she recovers. After the kids are born, remove any soiled bedding from the kidding area and replace it with fresh straw or shavings. This reduces the chance of bacteria spreading to the doe or her newborns. Regularly check the bedding in the days following kidding and keep the area dry and sanitary. A clean space not only helps protect the doe’s health but also creates a safe, cozy environment for her kids to rest and bond with her.
By providing these simple but effective post-kidding care measures, you help your doe recover quickly and ensure she’s able to nurture her newborn kids with ease. Rest, good nutrition, and a clean environment are the cornerstones of her recovery process.
The first few weeks of a kid’s life are critical for their growth and development. During this period, they reach several important milestones that set the foundation for their long-term health and well-being. As their caretaker, your role is to monitor their progress closely and provide the necessary support to ensure they thrive.
One of the most important indicators of a healthy kid is their ability to nurse effectively. During these early weeks, kids rely entirely on their mother’s milk for nutrition and hydration. Keep an eye on each kid to ensure they’re latching properly and nursing regularly. If you notice any signs of difficulty, such as excessive crying, weakness, or an inability to latch, you may need to assist with nursing or consider bottle-feeding using milk from the doe.
In addition to monitoring their feeding, observe their activity levels. Healthy kids should appear curious, energetic, and playful. While they may nap frequently, periods of exploration and interaction with their siblings or mother are key signs of normal development.
As kids grow, they begin to transition from milk to solid food. Around three weeks of age, you can introduce creep feeding to support this shift. Creep feeding involves providing small amounts of specially formulated grain or pellets designed for young goats. These feeds are rich in nutrients that support rapid growth and development, including protein, vitamins, and minerals.
To start, place the creep feed in a low, easily accessible feeder within a designated area that the kids can access but the mother cannot. This ensures the kids can eat without competition from adult goats. Offer the feed in small quantities, replenishing it daily to keep it fresh and appealing. While some kids may take to solid food quickly, others may need more time to adjust. Be patient and allow them to explore at their own pace.
Creep feeding helps kids develop their rumen, the part of their stomach responsible for digesting solid food. This early introduction to grain or pellets encourages proper digestion and prepares them for a gradual weaning process. Additionally, creep feeding supports consistent weight gain and provides supplemental nutrition, especially if the doe’s milk supply is limited or if she’s nursing multiple kids.
By ensuring the kids are nursing well, staying active, and beginning their transition to solid food through creep feeding, you can give them the best start in life. These first weeks are a time of rapid growth and learning, and your careful attention will help them develop into strong, healthy members of your herd.
Kidding season is one of the most demanding yet rewarding times on a goat farm. The late nights, early mornings, and constant vigilance required to ensure successful deliveries and healthy newborns can be exhausting. Yet, it’s also a time of incredible joy and renewal that reminds us why we do what we do.
Few moments on the farm are as heartwarming as witnessing the arrival of new kids. From their first wobbly steps to their curious nuzzles, newborn goats bring a sense of wonder and excitement to everyone involved. Their playful antics and boundless energy are infectious, filling the farm with life and laughter. Each kid born is a symbol of growth and the continuation of the herd, representing the results of careful planning, hard work, and dedication.
Kidding season offers an opportunity to strengthen the bond between you and your goats. Assisting a doe through labor, watching her instinctively care for her newborns, and ensuring the kids get the best start in life fosters a deeper understanding of their needs and behaviors. This hands-on involvement reinforces the trust and partnership between farmer and animal, making every moment spent with the herd more meaningful.
As the kids grow and thrive, it’s a reminder of the importance of ethical farming practices. Providing a safe, supportive environment for your goats, prioritizing their health, and raising them with care not only benefits the animals but also aligns with a commitment to sustainability and humane treatment. Kidding season showcases the results of this effort, with healthy, happy animals being a testament to your farm’s values.
Yes, kidding season is physically demanding, but it’s also emotionally fulfilling. The long hours and careful attention to detail pay off when you see healthy kids frolicking in the pasture and thriving under your care. It’s a celebration of life, resilience, and the deep connection between humans and animals.
For farmers, the rewards of kidding season go far beyond the kids themselves—it’s a reminder of why we chose this way of life. It’s a chance to marvel at nature’s beauty, reaffirm our dedication to ethical farming, and share the joy of new beginnings with our family, community, and customers. Every healthy kid is a success story, and every playful leap is a reason to celebrate.
Whether you’re new to goats or a seasoned farmer, we’re here to help. Visit us at Merry Meadows in Kingston, Oklahoma, to meet our herd, learn more about goat care, and discover the products we create from our farm’s fresh goat’s milk. You can find directions to our lovely farm here! Too far away for a visit? Check out our online farm store for our farm products.
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